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The remarkable hardness of sapphires, which measure 9 on the Mohs scale, is second only to diamond. Their origin can affect their value as much as colour, cut, clarity, and carat size. Sapphire gems are found in Australia, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, China, Brazil, Africa, and North America (mainly Montana). Some believe it originated from the Sanskrit word sanipriya which meant “dear to Saturn.”
The name “sapphire” comes from the Latin sapphirus and Greek sappheiros, meaning “blue stone,” though those words may have originally referred to lapis lazuli. Pinkish orange sapphires called padparadscha (from the Sri Lankan word for “lotus flower”) can draw higher prices than some blue sapphires. In the U.S., these gemstones must meet a minimum colour saturation to be considered rubies. Pink sapphires tow a fine line between ruby and sapphire. Sapphires in any colour but blue are called “fancies.” Trace elements like iron, titanium, chromium, copper, and magnesium give naturally colourless corundum a tint of blue, yellow, purple, orange or green, respectively. Sapphires come in every colour except red, which earn the classification of rubies instead. Sapphires make stunning gifts for anyone born in September or celebrating a 5th or 45th wedding anniversary.Īlthough sapphire typically refers to the rich blue gemstone variety of the mineral corundum, this royal gemstone occurs in a rainbow of hues.
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